Simple JavaScript Carousel With Slide Effect

This code snippet helps you to create a simple carousel with  slide effect using JavaScript. It creates a simple slider or slideshow with five slides. The slider is designed to be navigated using the “prev” and “next” control buttons. This is used to create a slider/carousel of images or content and a customizable slider/carousel that allows users to navigate through multiple items and supports touch and mouse. interactions.

Now it’s time to create our project.

How to Create a Simple JavaScript Carousel With Slide Effect

Create the HTML structure for the carousel as follows:

<div id="slider" class="slider">
  <div class="wrapper">
    <div id="slides" class="slides">
      <span class="slide">Slide 1</span>
      <span class="slide">Slide 2</span>
      <span class="slide">Slide 3</span>
      <span class="slide">Slide 4</span>
      <span class="slide">Slide 5</span>
    </div>
  </div>
  <a id="prev" class="control prev"></a>
  <a id="next" class="control next"></a>
</div>

Now, style the carousel using the following CSS styles:

@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto");
* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  height: 100%;
  background-color: #7656d6;
  color: #333;
  font-family: "Roboto", sans-serif;
  text-align: center;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  font-size: 22px;
}

.slider {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  width: 400px;
  height: 300px;
  box-shadow: 3px 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.wrapper {
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  width: 400px;
  height: 300px;
  z-index: 1;
}

.slides {
  display: flex;
  position: relative;
  top: 0;
  left: -400px;
  width: 10000px;
}

.slides.shifting {
  transition: left 0.2s ease-out;
}

.slide {
  width: 400px;
  height: 300px;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: all 1s;
  position: relative;
  background: #FFCF47;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.slider.loaded .slide:nth-child(2),
.slider.loaded .slide:nth-child(7) {
  background: #FFCF47;
}
.slider.loaded .slide:nth-child(1),
.slider.loaded .slide:nth-child(6) {
  background: #7ADCEF;
}
.slider.loaded .slide:nth-child(3) {
  background: #3CFF96;
}
.slider.loaded .slide:nth-child(4) {
  background: #a78df5;
}
.slider.loaded .slide:nth-child(5) {
  background: #ff8686;
}

.control {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 50px;
  margin-top: -20px;
  box-shadow: 1px 1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  z-index: 2;
}

.prev,
.next {
  background-size: 22px;
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.prev {
  background-image: url(https://cdn0.iconfinder.com/data/icons/navigation-set-arrows-part-one/32/ChevronLeft-512.png);
  left: -20px;
}

.next {
  background-image: url(https://cdn0.iconfinder.com/data/icons/navigation-set-arrows-part-one/32/ChevronRight-512.png);
  right: -20px;
}

.prev:active,
.next:active {
  transform: scale(0.8);
}

Finally, add the following JavaScript function for its functionality:

var slider = document.getElementById('slider'),
    sliderItems = document.getElementById('slides'),
    prev = document.getElementById('prev'),
    next = document.getElementById('next');

function slide(wrapper, items, prev, next) {
  var posX1 = 0,
      posX2 = 0,
      posInitial,
      posFinal,
      threshold = 100,
      slides = items.getElementsByClassName('slide'),
      slidesLength = slides.length,
      slideSize = items.getElementsByClassName('slide')[0].offsetWidth,
      firstSlide = slides[0],
      lastSlide = slides[slidesLength - 1],
      cloneFirst = firstSlide.cloneNode(true),
      cloneLast = lastSlide.cloneNode(true),
      index = 0,
      allowShift = true;
  
  // Clone first and last slide
  items.appendChild(cloneFirst);
  items.insertBefore(cloneLast, firstSlide);
  wrapper.classList.add('loaded');
  
  // Mouse events
  items.onmousedown = dragStart;
  
  // Touch events
  items.addEventListener('touchstart', dragStart);
  items.addEventListener('touchend', dragEnd);
  items.addEventListener('touchmove', dragAction);
  
  // Click events
  prev.addEventListener('click', function () { shiftSlide(-1) });
  next.addEventListener('click', function () { shiftSlide(1) });
  
  // Transition events
  items.addEventListener('transitionend', checkIndex);
  
  function dragStart (e) {
    e = e || window.event;
    e.preventDefault();
    posInitial = items.offsetLeft;
    
    if (e.type == 'touchstart') {
      posX1 = e.touches[0].clientX;
    } else {
      posX1 = e.clientX;
      document.onmouseup = dragEnd;
      document.onmousemove = dragAction;
    }
  }

  function dragAction (e) {
    e = e || window.event;
    
    if (e.type == 'touchmove') {
      posX2 = posX1 - e.touches[0].clientX;
      posX1 = e.touches[0].clientX;
    } else {
      posX2 = posX1 - e.clientX;
      posX1 = e.clientX;
    }
    items.style.left = (items.offsetLeft - posX2) + "px";
  }
  
  function dragEnd (e) {
    posFinal = items.offsetLeft;
    if (posFinal - posInitial < -threshold) {
      shiftSlide(1, 'drag');
    } else if (posFinal - posInitial > threshold) {
      shiftSlide(-1, 'drag');
    } else {
      items.style.left = (posInitial) + "px";
    }

    document.onmouseup = null;
    document.onmousemove = null;
  }
  
  function shiftSlide(dir, action) {
    items.classList.add('shifting');
    
    if (allowShift) {
      if (!action) { posInitial = items.offsetLeft; }

      if (dir == 1) {
        items.style.left = (posInitial - slideSize) + "px";
        index++;      
      } else if (dir == -1) {
        items.style.left = (posInitial + slideSize) + "px";
        index--;      
      }
    };
    
    allowShift = false;
  }
    
  function checkIndex (){
    items.classList.remove('shifting');

    if (index == -1) {
      items.style.left = -(slidesLength * slideSize) + "px";
      index = slidesLength - 1;
    }

    if (index == slidesLength) {
      items.style.left = -(1 * slideSize) + "px";
      index = 0;
    }
    
    allowShift = true;
  }
}

slide(slider, sliderItems, prev, next);

That’s all! hopefully, you have successfully created a simple JavaScript carousel with a slide effect. If you have any questions or suggestions, feel free to comment below.